| 翻訳と辞書 |
| Dolichovespula norwegica ： ウィキペディア英語版 |
Dolichovespula norwegica
The Norwegian wasp (''Dolichovespula norwegica'') is a species of eusocial wasp. It is common in Scotland and can also be found in areas in Britain and Ireland. Often known for being a tree wasp, it nests in low branches and bushes and feeds on insects. It also obtains nectar from blueberry and snowberry flowers.〔''Dolichovespula norwegica'' (Norwegian wasp). 2009. http://www.record-lrc.co.uk/c1.aspx?Mod=Article&ArticleID=Dolichoveespula_norwegica ''Dolichovespula norwegica'' (Norwegian wasp), Record〕 Although ''Dolichovespula norwegica'' were rarely considered as pests in the past, a few cases of pest problems relating to ''D. norwegica'' have been reported multiple times.〔 The species is not endangered.〔Bristol Wasp Control Experts .''http://www.waspkilluk.co.uk/british-wasps.html''(Norwegian wasp),Bristol Pest Control
〕
==Taxonomy and phylogeny==
The Norwegian Wasp is under the ''Vespidae'' family and the ''Dolichovespula'' genus. Based on recent studies on mitochondria genes, ''Dolichovespula'' and ''Vespula'' are monophyletic, meaning they descended from common ancestral group. Two species groups, ''maculata'' and ''norwegica'' form the ''Dolichovespula'' clade. While the ''maculata'' has physical attributes such as pronotal striae, emarginate apex of the seventh metasomal sternum in males, and aedeagal medial lobes, the ''D. norwegica'' females have long oculo-malar space and lateroanterior clypeal angles with less prominent semicircular projections.〔Lopez-Osorio, F., Pickett K.M., Carpenter J.M., Ballif B.A., and Agnarsson I (2014). ''Phylogenetic relationships of yellow jackets inferred from nine loci (Hymenoptera: Vespidae, Vespinae, Vespula and Dolichovespula) ''Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution'' 73:190-201.〕
In the past, ''Dolichovespula norwegica'' and ''Dolichovespula albida'', the Arctic yellowjacket from northern North America, were considered to be the same species but studies in 2011 of the male genitalia show that they are not conspecific. Often, the male genitalia are used to characterize the Nearctic and Palearctic forms of ''Dolichovespula'' ''norwegica''.〔Carpenter, J.M., Dvořák L., and Pickett K.M (2011). ''Dolichovespula albida'' (Sladen), a Valid Species, Not a Synonym of ''D. norwegica'' (Fabricius) (Hymenoptera: Vespidae, Vespinae) ''Entomologica Americana'' 117(3 & 4):113-116.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
■ウィキペディアで「Dolichovespula norwegica」の詳細全文を読む
スポンサード リンク
| 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース |
Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.
|
|